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PGC-1α and exercise: important partners in combating insulin resistance

Russell, Aaron 2005, PGC-1α and exercise: important partners in combating insulin resistance, Current diabetes reviews, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 175-181.

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Title PGC-1α and exercise: important partners in combating insulin resistance
Author(s) Russell, Aaron
Journal name Current diabetes reviews
Volume number 1
Issue number 2
Start page 175
End page 181
Publisher Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
Place of publication Bussum, Netherlands
Publication date 2005
ISSN 1573-3998
Keyword(s) diabetes
skeletal muscle
PPAR
mitochondria
obesity
Summary Diabetes and obesity are characterised by an impairment in mitochondrial function resulting in a decrease in glucose and fatty acid oxidation, respiration and an increase in intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG's) and insulin resistance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-ggr coactivator 1agr (PGC-1agr) is a nuclear transcriptional coactivator which regulates several important metabolic processes including, mitochondrial biogenesis, adaptive thermogenesis, respiration, insulin secretion and gluconeogenesis. In addition, PGC-1agr has been shown to increase the percentage of oxidative type I muscle fibres, with the latter responsible for the majority of insulin stimulated glucose uptake. PGC-1agr also co-activates PPAR's agr, bgr/dgr and ggr which are important transcription factors of genes regulating lipid and glucose metabolism. Exercise causes mitochondrial biogenesis, improves skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation capacity and insulin sensitivity, therefore making it an important intervention for the treatment of insulin resistance. The expression of PGC-1agr mRNA is reduced in diabetic subjects, however, it is rapidly induced in response to interventions which signal alterations in metabolic requirements, such as exercise. Because of the important role of PGC-1agr in the control of energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity, it is seen as a candidate factor in the etiology of type 2 diabetes and a drug target for its therapeutic treatment.
Language eng
Field of Research 060199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
Socio Economic Objective 970106 Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences
HERDC Research category C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice ©2005, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30004083

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Created: Mon, 07 Jul 2008, 09:11:35 EST