Determinants of bone density in 30- to 65-year-old women: A co-twin study MacInnis, R.J., Cassar, C., Nowson, Caryl, Paton, L.M., Flicker, L., Hopper, J.L., Larkins, R.G. and Wark, J.D. 2003, Determinants of bone density in 30- to 65-year-old women: A co-twin study, Journal of bone and mineral research, vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 1650-1656, doi: 10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.9.1650. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads Title Determinants of bone density in 30- to 65-year-old women: A co-twin study Author(s) MacInnis, R.J. Cassar, C. Nowson, Caryl orcid.org/0000-0001-6586-7965 Paton, L.M. Flicker, L. Hopper, J.L. Larkins, R.G. Wark, J.D. Journal name Journal of bone and mineral research Volume number 18 Issue number 9 Start page 1650 End page 1656 Publisher Wiley - Blackwell Place of publication Durham, NC Publication date 2003-09 ISSN 0884-0431 1523-4681 Summary Introduction: Reported effects of body composition and lifestyle of bone mineral density in pre-elderly adult women have been inconsistent. Methods: In a co-twin study of 146 female twin pairs aged 30 to 65 years, DXA was used to measure bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, total hip, and forearm, total body bone mineral content, and lean and fat mass. Height and weight were measured. Menopausal status, dietary calcium intake, physical activity, current tobacco use, and alcohol consumption were determined by questionnaire. Within-pair differences in bone measures were regressed through the origin against within-pair differences in putative determinants. Results: Lean mass and fat mass were associated with greater bone mass at all sites. A discordance of 10 pack-years smoking was related to a 2.3-3.3% (SE, 0.8-1.0) decrease in bone density at all sites except the forearm, with the effects more evident in postmenopausal women. In all women, a 0.8% (SE, 0.3) difference in hip bone mineral density was associated with each hour per week difference in sporting activity, with effects more evident in premenopausal women. Daily dietary calcium intake was related to total body bone mineral content and forearm bone mineral density (1.4 ± 0.7% increase for every 1000 mg). Lifetime alcohol consumption and walking were not consistently related to bone mass. Conclusion: Several lifestyle and dietary factors, in particular tobacco use, were related to bone mineral density. Effect sizes varied by site. Characterization of determinants of bone mineral density in midlife and thereafter may lead to interventions that could minimize postmenopausal bone loss and reduce osteoporotic fracture risk. Language eng DOI 10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.9.1650 Field of Research 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified Socio Economic Objective 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal Copyright notice ©2003, Wiley-Blackwell Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30006464 Document type: Journal Article Collections: School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research Higher Education Research Group Related Links Link Description Connect to published version (restricted access) Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Versions Version Filter Type Mon, 27 Oct 2008, 14:05:04 EST Thu, 16 Apr 2009, 09:50:04 EST Mon, 18 Apr 2011, 13:49:43 EST Fri, 29 Apr 2011, 14:18:01 EST Fri, 29 Apr 2011, 14:25:21 EST Thu, 26 Apr 2012, 15:11:32 EST Mon, 05 Aug 2013, 11:37:48 EST Mon, 16 Jun 2014, 07:58:14 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 64 times in TR Web of Science Cited 72 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 742 Abstract Views, 2 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Thu, 31 Jul 2008, 10:39:06 EST

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