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Fruit and vegetable consumption and stroke : meta-analysis of cohort studies

He, Feng J., Nowson, Caryl A. and MacGregor, Graham A. 2006, Fruit and vegetable consumption and stroke : meta-analysis of cohort studies, Lancet, vol. 367, no. 9507, pp. 320-326.

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Title Fruit and vegetable consumption and stroke : meta-analysis of cohort studies
Author(s) He, Feng J.
Nowson, Caryl A.
MacGregor, Graham A.
Journal name Lancet
Volume number 367
Issue number 9507
Start page 320
End page 326
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
Place of publication New York, NY.
Publication date 2006-01-28
ISSN 0140-6736
Summary Background
Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of stroke in most epidemiological studies, although the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively assessed the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of stroke in a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and bibliographies of retrieved articles. Studies were included if they reported relative risks and corresponding 95% CIs of stroke with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake.

Findings
Eight studies, consisting of nine independent cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. These groups included 257 551 individuals (4917 stroke events) with an average follow-up of 13 years. Compared with individuals who had less than three servings of fruit and vegetables per day, the pooled relative risk of stroke was 0·89 (95% CI 0·83–0·97) for those with three to five servings per day, and 0·74 (0·69–0·79) for those with more than five servings per day. Subgroup analyses showed that fruit and vegetables had a significant protective effect on both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke.

Interpretation
Increased fruit and vegetable intake in the range commonly consumed is associated with a reduced risk of stroke. Our results provide strong support for the recommendations to consume more than five servings of fruit and vegetables per day, which is likely to cause a major reduction in strokes.
Language eng
Field of Research 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice ©2006, Elsevier Ltd.
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30006534

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