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Estimating the changes in energy flux that characterize the rise in obesity prevalence

Swinburn, Boyd, Sacks, Gary, Lo, Sing Kai, Westerterp, Klaas R, Rush, Elaine C, Rosenbaum, Michael, Luke, Amy, Schoeller, Dale A, DeLany, James P, Butte, Nancy F and Ravussin, Eric 2009, Estimating the changes in energy flux that characterize the rise in obesity prevalence, American journal of clinical nutrition, vol. 89, no. 6, pp. 1723-1728.

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Title Estimating the changes in energy flux that characterize the rise in obesity prevalence
Author(s) Swinburn, Boyd
Sacks, Gary
Lo, Sing Kai
Westerterp, Klaas R
Rush, Elaine C
Rosenbaum, Michael
Luke, Amy
Schoeller, Dale A
DeLany, James P
Butte, Nancy F
Ravussin, Eric
Journal name American journal of clinical nutrition
Volume number 89
Issue number 6
Start page 1723
End page 1728
Publisher American Society for Nutrition
Place of publication New York, N.Y.
Publication date 2009-06
ISSN 0002-9165
Summary Background: The daily energy imbalance gap associated with the current population weight gain in the obesity epidemic is relatively small. However, the substantially higher body weights of populations that have accumulated over several years are associated with a substantially higher total energy expenditure (TEE) and total energy intake (TEI), or energy flux (EnFlux = TEE = TEI).
Objective: The objective was to develop an equation relating EnFlux to body weight in adults for estimating the rise in EnFlux associated with the obesity epidemic.
Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional data for TEE from doubly labeled water studies in 1399 adults aged 5.9 ± 18.8 y (mean ± SD) were analyzed in linear regression models with natural log (ln) weight as the dependent variable and ln EnFlux as the independent variable, adjusted for height, age, and sex. These equations were compared with those for children and applied to population trends in weight gain.
Results: ln EnFlux was positively related to ln weight (β = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.76; R2 = 0.52), adjusted for height, age, and sex. This slope was significantly steeper than that previously described for children (β = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.51).
Conclusions: This relation suggests that substantial increases in TEI have driven the increases in body weight over the past 3 decades. Adults have a higher proportional weight gain than children for the same proportional increase in energy intake, mostly because of a higher fat content of the weight being gained. The obesity epidemic will not be reversed without large reductions in energy intake, increases in physical activity, or both.
Language eng
Field of Research 111103 Nutritional Physiology
Socio Economic Objective 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences
HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
HERDC collection year 2009
Copyright notice ©2009, American Society for Nutrition
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30016502

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Created: Wed, 17 Jun 2009, 14:39:50 EST by Deborah Wittahatchy