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Surface properties of polypropylene following a novel industrial surface-treatment process Awaja, Firas, Gilbert, M., Kelly, Georgina, Fox, Bronwyn, Brynolf, Russell and Pigram, Paul J. 2008, Surface properties of polypropylene following a novel industrial surface-treatment process, Surface and interface analysis, vol. 40, no. 11, pp. 1454-1462. Title Surface properties of polypropylene following a novel industrial surface-treatment process Author(s) Awaja, Firas Gilbert, M. Kelly, Georgina Fox, Bronwyn Brynolf, Russell Pigram, Paul J. Journal name Surface and interface analysis Volume number 40 Issue number 11 Start page 1454 End page 1462 Publisher John Wiley & Sons Place of publication Oxford, England Publication date 2008-11 ISSN 0142-2421 1096-9918 Keyword(s) polypropylene surface modification adhesion strength ToF-SIMS XPS pull-up testing ATmaP Summary Polypropylene (PP) is used in many automotive applications where good paint adhesion is of primary importance. PP is widely known for its low surface energy which impacts negatively on its adhesion strength. PP surfaces were modified using a new industrial surface-treatment process known as the Accelerated Thermo-molecular adhesion Process (ATmaP). ATmaP grafts functional groups to the polymer surface derived from an atomised and vapourised nitrogen-containing coupling agent. The surface properties and adhesion performance of PP samples treated using the ATmaP process and two different flame processes were compared using XPS, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and mechanical testing (pull-up tests). The latter showed that ATmaP improved adhesion strength significantly in comparison with conventional flame treatments. XPS showed an increase in oxygen and nitrogen concentration on the surface of ATmaP-treated samples compared with untreated and flame-treated samples. Principal components analysis (PCA) of the ToF-SIMS data revealed the major phenomena occurring during the surface treatment of PP samples. Early stage events, including the chain scission of the PP backbone chain and the subsequent reaction of these chains with the surrounding air, are captured by the first principal component (PC1). The increase in the concentration of NO surface functional groups resulting from ATmaP treatment is captured by the second principal component (PC2). Language eng Field of Research 091209 Polymers and Plastics Socio Economic Objective 860607 Plastic Products (incl. Construction Materials) HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal HERDC collection year 2008 Copyright notice ©2008, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30017702 Document type: Journal Article Collection: Centre for Material and Fibre Innovation Related Links Link Description Connect to published version (restricted access) Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Versions Version Filter Type Fri, 14 Aug 2009, 13:56:14 EST Tue, 22 Dec 2009, 13:04:23 EST Tue, 22 Dec 2009, 13:05:24 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 8 times in TR Web of Science Cited 8 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 453 Abstract Views  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Fri, 14 Aug 2009, 13:56:14 EST

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