Skin prick test can identify eczematous infants at risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis
Lowe, A.J., Hosking, C.S., Bennett, C.M., Carlin, J.B., Abramson, M.J., Hill, D.J. and Dharmage, S.C. 2007, Skin prick test can identify eczematous infants at risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis, Clinical and experimental allergy, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1624-1631, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02822.x.
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Skin prick test can identify eczematous infants at risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis
Background: Assessment of allergic sensitization is not routinely performed in infants and young children with eczema.
Objective: To determine whether infants who have atopic eczema (with sensitization) are at a greater risk of developing asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) than those with non-atopic eczema (without concurrent sensitization).
Methods: The presence of eczema was prospectively documented until 2 years of age in a birth cohort of 620 infants with a family history of atopic disease. Sensitization status was determined by skin prick tests (SPTs) at 6, 12, and 24 months using six common allergens. Interviews were conducted at 6 and 7 years to determine the presence of asthma and AR.
Results: Within the first 2 years of life, 28.7% of the 443 children who could be classified had atopic eczema: 20.5% had non-atopic eczema, 19.0% were asymptomatic but sensitized and 31.8% were asymptomatic and not sensitized. When compared with children with non-atopic eczema in the first 2 years of life, children with atopic eczema had a substantially greater risk of asthma [odds ratio (OR)=3.52, 95% confidence interval=1.88–6.59] and AR (OR=2.91, 1.48–5.71). The increased risk of asthma was even greater if the infant had a large SPT (OR=4.61, 2.34–9.09) indicative of food allergy. There was no strong evidence that children with non-atopic eczema had an increased risk of asthma or AR compared with asymptomatic children. Conclusion: In children with eczema within the first 2 years of life, SPT can provide valuable information on the risk of childhood asthma and AR.
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