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Tailoring the surface chemistry of carbon fiber and E-glass composites for improved adhesion

Gilbert, Michael J., Awaja, Firas, Kelly, Georgina L., Fox, Bronwyn L., Brynolf, Russell and Pigram, Paul J. 2011, Tailoring the surface chemistry of carbon fiber and E-glass composites for improved adhesion, Surface and interface analysis, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 856-864.

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Title Tailoring the surface chemistry of carbon fiber and E-glass composites for improved adhesion
Author(s) Gilbert, Michael J.
Awaja, Firas
Kelly, Georgina L.
Fox, Bronwyn L.
Brynolf, Russell
Pigram, Paul J.
Journal name Surface and interface analysis
Volume number 43
Issue number 5
Start page 856
End page 864
Publisher John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Place of publication Oxford, England
Publication date 2011-05
ISSN 0142-2421
1096-9918
Keyword(s) carbon fiber
e-glass
surface modification
adhesion strength
ToF-SIMS
XPS
contact angle
ATmaP
Summary The main challenges in the manufacture of composite materials are low surface energy and the presence of silicon-containing contaminants, both of which greatly reduce surface adhesive strength. In this study, carbon fiber (CF) and E-glass epoxy resin composites were surface treated with the Accelerated Thermo-molecular adhesion Process (ATmaP). ATmaP is a multiaction surface treatment process where tailored nitrogen and oxygen functionalities are generated on the surface of the sample through the vaporization and atomization of n-methylpyrrolidone solution, injected via specially designed flame-treatment equipment. The treated surfaces of the polymer composites were analyzed using XPS, time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), contact angle (CA) analysis and direct adhesion measurements. ATmaP treatment increased the surface concentration of polar functional groups while reducing surface contamination, resulting in increased adhesion strength. XPS and ToF-SIMS showed a significant decrease in silicon-containing species on the surface after ATmaP treatment. E-glass composite showed higher adhesion strength than CF composite, correlating with higher surface energy, higher concentrations of nitrogen and CO functional groups (from XPS) and higher concentrations of oxygen and nitrogen-containing functional groups (particularly C2H3O+ and C2H5NO+ molecular ions, from ToF-SIMS).
Notes Article first published online: 9 July 2010
Language eng
Field of Research 030301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
Socio Economic Objective 970103 Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences
HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice ©2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30033726

Document type: Journal Article
Collection: Centre for Material and Fibre Innovation
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