Identification and possible disease mechanisms of an under-recognized fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans

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Identification and possible disease mechanisms of an under-recognized fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans

Taylor, Philip E., Esch, Robert, Flagan, Richard C., House, James, Tran, Lisa and Glovsky, M. Michael 2006, Identification and possible disease mechanisms of an under-recognized fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans, International archives of allergy and immunology, vol. 139, no. 1, pp. 45-52.

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Title	Identification and possible disease mechanisms of an under-recognized fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans
Formatted title	Identification and possible disease mechanisms of an under-recognized fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans
Author(s)	Taylor, Philip E. orcid.org/0000-0002-4204-1893 Esch, Robert Flagan, Richard C. House, James Tran, Lisa Glovsky, M. Michael
Journal name	International archives of allergy and immunology
Volume number	139
Issue number	1
Start page	45
End page	52
Publisher	S. Karger AG
Place of publication	Basel, Switzerland
Publication date	2006
ISSN	1018-2438 1423-0097
Keyword(s)	aureobasidium pullulans yeast-like fungi respirable-sized conidia
Summary	Background: Investigations into the occurrence and health effects of yeast-like fungi in the outdoor air in the US have been limited. We sought to identify a respirable-sized fungus common in the Pasadena air, locate a major source for the emissions and investigate its relevance to allergic disease. Methods: Yeast-like fungi sampled from the environment were isolated, microscopically examined and sequenced. Pasadena allergy patients were skin tested with commercially available fungal extracts. Patient serum was immunoanalyzed for specific IgE reactivity. Nearby vegetation was analyzed in a controlled emission chamber to find a major source for the aerosols. Results: Hyaline unicellular conidia comprised up to 90% (41,250 m<sup>-3</sup> of air) of total fungal counts and generally peaked at night and during periods of rainfall and ensuing winds throughout the fall and winter. Flowers were determined to be a major source of the emissions. The cellular and colonial morphology of isolates were consistent with Aureobasidium species. The sequence of the D1/D2 region of the 26S ribosomal subunit of isolates from flowers showed identity to two strains of Aureohasidium pullulans (black yeast). Seventeen percent (16/94) of atopic individuals had positive skin testing with A. pullulans extract. Patient sera gE identified several high molecular weight allergens in Aureobasidium extracts. Conclusions: Respirable-sized conidia of A. pullulans are emitted from flowers and form high concentrations in the air. They are associated with immediate reactivity on skin tests, bind to patient sera IgE, and might be relevant in allergic upper and lower airway diseases.
Language	eng
Field of Research	059999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Socio Economic Objective	970105 Expanding Knowledge in the Environmental Sciences
HERDC Research category	C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice	©2006 S. Karger AG, Basel
Persistent URL	http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30039857

Document type:	Journal Article
Collections:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment School of Life and Environmental Sciences


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