Ionic liquid electrolyte for lithium metal batteries : physical, electrochemical, and interfacial studies of N-Methyl-N-butylmorpholinium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
Lane, George H., Bayley, Paul M., Clare, Bronya R., Best, Adam S., MacFarlane, Douglas R., Forsyth, Maria and Hollenkamp, Anthony F. 2010, Ionic liquid electrolyte for lithium metal batteries : physical, electrochemical, and interfacial studies of N-Methyl-N-butylmorpholinium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, Journal of physical chemistry part c : nanomaterials and interfaces, vol. 114, no. 49, pp. 21775-21785, doi: 10.1021/jp1054809.
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Title
Ionic liquid electrolyte for lithium metal batteries : physical, electrochemical, and interfacial studies of N-Methyl-N-butylmorpholinium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
Formatted title
Ionic liquid electrolyte for lithium metal batteries : physical, electrochemical, and interfacial studies of N-Methyl-N-butylmorpholinium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
Journal of physical chemistry part c : nanomaterials and interfaces
Volume number
114
Issue number
49
Start page
21775
End page
21785
Total pages
11
Publisher
American Chemical Society
Place of publication
Washington, D.C.
Publication date
2010
ISSN
1932-7447 1932-7455
Summary
The ionic liquid (IL) N-methyl-N-butylmorpholinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C4mmor FSI) is examined from physical and electrochemical perspectives. Pulsed field gradient NMR spectroscopy shows that ion diffusivities are low compared with similar, non-ethereal ILs. Ionicity values indicate that above room temperature, less than 50% of ions contribute to conductivity.
Lithium cycling in symmetrical cells using a C4mmor FSI-based electrolyte is best demonstrated at elevated temperatures. Specific capacities of 130 mAh g−1 are achieved in a Li−LiFePO4 battery at 85 °C. FT-IR spectroscopic investigations of lithium electrodes suggest the presence of alkoxide species in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), implying a ring-opening reaction of C4mmor with lithium metal. In contrast, the SEI derived from N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium FSI lacks the alkoxide signature but shows signs of alkyl unsaturation, and the activation energy for Li+ transport through this SEI is slightly lower than that for the C4mmor-derived SEI. Our detailed findings give insight into the capabilities and limitations of rechargeable lithium metal batteries utilizing a C4mmor FSI electrolyte.
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