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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its determinants in Australian adults aged 25 years and older : a national, population-based study

Daly, Robin M., Gagnon, Claudia, Lu, Zhong X., Magliano, Dianna J., Dunstan, David W., Sikaris, Ken A., Zimmet, Paul Z., Ebeling, Peter R. and Shaw, Jonathan E. 2012, Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its determinants in Australian adults aged 25 years and older : a national, population-based study, Clinical endocrinology, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 26-35.


Title Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its determinants in Australian adults aged 25 years and older : a national, population-based study
Author(s) Daly, Robin M.
Gagnon, Claudia
Lu, Zhong X.
Magliano, Dianna J.
Dunstan, David W.
Sikaris, Ken A.
Zimmet, Paul Z.
Ebeling, Peter R.
Shaw, Jonathan E.
Journal name Clinical endocrinology
Volume number 77
Issue number 1
Start page 26
End page 35
Total pages 10
Publisher Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Place of publication Oxford, England
Publication date 2012-07
ISSN 0300-0664
Keyword(s) vitamin D
deficiency
health problem
adults
Australia
Summary Objective  Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a global public health problem, but the population-based prevalence of deficiency and its determinants in Australian adults is not known. This study evaluated the vitamin D status of Australian adults aged ≥25 years and risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in this population.

Design and Patients  We studied a national sample of 11 247 Australian adults enrolled in the 1999/2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study drawn from 42 randomly selected districts throughout Australia.

Measurements  Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were measured by immunoassay. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a concentration <50 nmol/l. Information on demographic and lifestyle factors was derived from interview-administered questionnaires.

Results  The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 63 nmol/l (95% CI: 59–67 nmol/l). Only 4% of the population had a level <25 nmol/l, but the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/l) was 31% (22% men; 39% women); 73% had levels <75 nmol/l. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency increased significantly with age, was greater in women, in those of non-Europid origin, in the obese and those who were physically inactive and with a higher level of education. Deficiency was also more common during winter and in people residing in southern Australia (latitude >35°S); 42% of women and 27% of men were deficient during summer–autumn, which increased to 58% and 35%, respectively, during winter–spring.

Conclusion  Vitamin D deficiency is common in Australia affecting nearly one-third of adults aged ≥25 years. This indicates that strategies are needed at the population level to improve vitamin D status of Australians.
Language eng
Field of Research 110306 Endocrinology
Socio Economic Objective 920599 Specific Population Health (excl. Indigenous Health) not elsewhere classified
HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice ©2011, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30046125

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