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Evolution of JAK-STAT pathway components : mechanisms and role in immune system development

Liongue, Clifford, O'Sullivan, Lynda A., Trengove, Monique C. and Ward, Alister C. 2012, Evolution of JAK-STAT pathway components : mechanisms and role in immune system development, PLoS one, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1-16.

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Title Evolution of JAK-STAT pathway components : mechanisms and role in immune system development
Author(s) Liongue, Clifford
O'Sullivan, Lynda A.
Trengove, Monique C.
Ward, Alister C.
Journal name PLoS one
Volume number 7
Issue number 3
Start page 1
End page 16
Total pages 16
Publisher Public Library of Science
Place of publication San Francisco, Calif.
Publication date 2012-03-07
ISSN 1932-6203
Keyword(s) protein-tyrosine-phosphatase
signaling pathways
jak/stat pathway
genome duplication
cytokine receptors
interleukin-2 il-2
adaptive immunity
gene-activation
socs proteins
pias proteins
Summary Background
Lying downstream of a myriad of cytokine receptors, the Janus kinase (JAK) – Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is pivotal for the development and function of the immune system, with additional important roles in other biological systems. To gain further insight into immune system evolution, we have performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of the JAK-STAT pathway components, including the key negative regulators of this pathway, the SH2-domain containing tyrosine phosphatase (SHP), Protein inhibitors against Stats (PIAS), and Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins across a diverse range of organisms.

Results
Our analysis has demonstrated significant expansion of JAK-STAT pathway components co-incident with the emergence of adaptive immunity, with whole genome duplication being the principal mechanism for generating this additional diversity. In contrast, expansion of upstream cytokine receptors appears to be a pivotal driver for the differential diversification of specific pathway components.

Conclusion
Diversification of JAK-STAT pathway components during early vertebrate development occurred concurrently with a major expansion of upstream cytokine receptors and two rounds of whole genome duplications. This produced an intricate cell-cell communication system that has made a significant contribution to the evolution of the immune system, particularly the emergence of adaptive immunity.
Notes This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Language eng
Field of Research 069999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Socio Economic Objective 970106 Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences
HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice ©2012, Liongue et al.
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30046879

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Created: Mon, 13 Aug 2012, 12:37:31 EST