From colonialist to infidel : framing the enemy in Southern Thailand's 'cosmic war' Andre, Virginie 2013, From colonialist to infidel : framing the enemy in Southern Thailand's 'cosmic war'. In Camilleri, Joseph and Schottmann, Sven (ed), Culture, religion and conflict in Muslim Southeast Asia : negotiating tense pluralisms, Routledge, London, England, pp.109-125. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads Title From colonialist to infidel : framing the enemy in Southern Thailand's 'cosmic war' Author(s) Andre, Virginie Title of book Culture, religion and conflict in Muslim Southeast Asia : negotiating tense pluralisms Editor(s) Camilleri, Joseph Schottmann, Sven Publication date 2013 Chapter number 7 Total chapters 11 Start page 109 End page 125 Total pages 17 Publisher Routledge Place of Publication London, England Summary In the 1970s secessionists in Southern Thailand described the Thai state as "colonialist" constituted by "Siamese fascist officials"1 who had "illegally colonised Patani". The flavour of this discourse shows the importance of historical context in shaping the way resistance movements interpret their own struggles. In the case of the resistances groups in Southern Thailand, it reflects the influence of the wider international anti-colonial movement and its embrace of nationalism and socialism. Translating these concepts into a political agenda was complicated by the centrality of Islam in defining the grievances of the Patani Muslims. Islam was the reason they were considered marginal by wider Buddhist society and hence it was Islam that become a core identity marker and the fulcrum upon which the resistance movement grew. Merging the predominately secular themes of anti-colonialism with Islam was complex, and as a result for much of its existence the insurgency failed to define clearly an ideology beyond the general maxim of 'liberating the homeland' to create the Republic of Patani. By the onset of the twenty first century situation had changed and although the goal remained the same for many Thai Muslims it was based on firmer ontological ground. By defining itself in Islamist terms, the separatist movement managed to distance itself from the secular concepts that defined the Thai state ('nationalism') and which precluded support for its struggle from other states ('sovereignty'). The objective now is the creation of Al Fatoni Darussalam (Islamic Land of Patani) by "purging all Siamese infidels out of our territory to purify our religion and culture"2 (HRW, 2007: 45). In short, the shift in terminology indicates an ideological shift in the way the insurgents frame the conflict but also, more importantly, in their identification of the 'enemy'. 3 The 'liberation of the Republic' has now evolved into a 'struggle to liberate an Islamic Land'. From being a 'colonialist' and 'fascist' state, the Thai state has assumed the status of 'infidel'. The insurgents' embrace of Islamism as the organising principle of their resistance is progressively transforming the conflict into what Juergensmeyer has called a 'Cosmic War' (Juergensmeyer, 2003). This paper will further explore this ideological shift by analysing for the first time primary sources such as propaganda leaflets, interviews and insurgent interrogation reports that were collected during recent fieldwork in Southern Thailand between 2006 and 2008. ISBN 0415625262 9780415625265 Language eng Field of Research 169999 Studies in Human Society not elsewhere classified Socio Economic Objective 970116 Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society HERDC Research category B1.1 Book chapter Copyright notice ©2013, Taylor & Francis Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30064126 Document type: Book Chapter Collections: Centre for Citizenship and Globalisation ERA Postprints 2018 ERA Submission   Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Versions Version Filter Type Mon, 09 Jun 2014, 14:09:42 EST Fri, 13 Jun 2014, 14:23:18 EST Tue, 17 Jun 2014, 11:44:51 EST Wed, 18 Jun 2014, 10:57:33 EST Thu, 19 Jun 2014, 12:05:53 EST Thu, 07 Aug 2014, 10:16:26 EST Wed, 13 Aug 2014, 10:44:36 EST Wed, 13 Aug 2014, 14:50:41 EST Wed, 13 Aug 2014, 14:56:47 EST Thu, 14 Aug 2014, 08:15:35 EST Sat, 17 Jun 2017, 03:18:01 EST Thu, 05 Apr 2018, 16:34:09 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 0 times in TR Web of Science Cited 2 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 287 Abstract Views, 19 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Mon, 09 Jun 2014, 14:09:42 EST

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