Musculoskeletal decline and mortality: prospective data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study Pasco, Julie A., Mohebbi, Mohammadreza, Holloway, Kara L., Brennan-Olsen, Sharon L., Hyde, Natalie K. and Kotowicz, Mark A. 2017, Musculoskeletal decline and mortality: prospective data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study, Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 482-489, doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12177. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads pasco-musculoskeletal-2017.pdf Published version application/pdf 386.84KB 149 Title Musculoskeletal decline and mortality: prospective data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study Author(s) Pasco, Julie A. orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-4714 Mohebbi, Mohammadreza orcid.org/0000-0001-9713-7211 Holloway, Kara L. orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-2990 Brennan-Olsen, Sharon L. orcid.org/0000-0003-3269-5401 Hyde, Natalie K. orcid.org/0000-0002-0693-2904 Kotowicz, Mark A. orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-1411 Journal name Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle Volume number 8 Issue number 3 Start page 482 End page 489 Total pages 8 Publisher Wiley Place of publication Chichester, Eng. Publication date 2017-06 ISSN 2190-6009 Keyword(s) Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry Lean mass Mortality risk Musculoskeletal health Osteoporosis Osteosarcopenia Sarcopenia Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Medicine, General & Internal General & Internal Medicine BONE-MINERAL DENSITY MUSCLE MASS SKELETAL-MUSCLE SARCOPENIC OBESITY REFERENCE RANGES AUSTRALIAN MEN OLDER-ADULTS WOMEN PREDICTOR STRENGTH Summary Background We aimed to examine the relationship between musculoskeletal deterioration and all-cause mortality in a cohort of women studied prospectively over a decade. Methods A cohort of 750 women aged 50–94 years was followed for a decade after femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and appendicular lean mass (ALM) were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, in conjunction with comorbidities, health behaviour data, and other clinical measures. The outcome was all-cause mortality identified from the Australian National Deaths Index. Using Cox proportional hazards models and age as the time variable, mortality risks were estimated according to BMD groups (ideal-BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis) and ALM groups (T-scores > −1.0 high, −2.0 to −1.0 medium, <−2.0 low). Results During 6712 person years of follow-up, there were 190 deaths, the proportions increasing with diminishing BMD: 10.7% (23/215) ideal-BMD, 23.5% (89/378) osteopenia, 49.7% (78/157) osteoporosis; and with diminishing ALM: 17.0% (59/345) high, 26.2% (79/301) medium, 50.0% (52/104) low. In multivariable models adjusted for smoking, polypharmacy, and mobility, compared with those with ideal BMD, mortality risk was greater for those with osteopenia [hazard ratio (HR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–2.81] and osteoporosis (HR 2.61, 95%CI 1.60–4.24). Similarly, compared with those with high ALM, adjusted mortality risk was greater for medium ALM (HR 1.36, 95%CI 0.97–1.91) and low ALM (HR 1.65, 95%CI 1.11–2.45). When BMD and ALM groups were tested together in the model, BMD remained a predictor of mortality (HR 1.74, 95%CI 1.09–2.78; HR 2.82, 95%CI 1.70–4.70; respectively), and low ALM had borderline significance (HR 1.52, 95%CI 1.00–2.31), which was further attenuated after adjusting for smoking, polypharmacy, and mobility. Conclusions Poor musculoskeletal health increased the risk for mortality independent of age. This appears to be driven mainly by a decline in bone mass. Low lean mass independently exacerbated mortality risk, and this appeared to operate through poor health exposures. Language eng DOI 10.1002/jcsm.12177 Field of Research 110314 Orthopaedics Socio Economic Objective 920502 Health Related to Ageing HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal ERA Research output type C Journal article Copyright notice ©2016, The Authors Free to Read? Yes Use Rights Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30091513 Document type: Journal Article Collections: Faculty of Health School of Medicine Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research Open Access Collection Related Links Link Description Connect to published version Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au. 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Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au.