Extensive sodium metal plating and stripping in a highly concentrated inorganic-organic ionic liquid electrolyte through surface pretreatment
Basile, Andrew, Makhlooghiazad, Faezeh, Yunis, Ruhamah, Macfarlane, Douglas R., Forsyth, Maria and Howlett, Patrick C. 2017, Extensive sodium metal plating and stripping in a highly concentrated inorganic-organic ionic liquid electrolyte through surface pretreatment, ChemElectroChem, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 986-991, doi: 10.1002/celc.201600784.
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Extensive sodium metal plating and stripping in a highly concentrated inorganic-organic ionic liquid electrolyte through surface pretreatment
In the present work, the stable and extensive cycling of Na plating and stripping is demonstrated within an inorganic-organic ionic liquid electrolyte. The electrolyte is composed of liquid-state tri(isobutyl)methylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide when employing a high 45mol% Na concentration in the form of sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. The liquid-state electrolyte supports safe Na metal electrochemistry at 50°C and exhibits a conductivity of 10-2.5Scm-1. Through plating/stripping with 1h polarization times (12 cycles, J=0.5mAcm-2), a surface is prepared with a smooth surface devoid of dendrites and, importantly, a stable solid-electrolyte interphase, determined by using scanning electron microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. After this, a greater mass transfer can be undertaken through an increased polarization time of 5h (Q=2.5mAhcm-2) for a duration of 120h.
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