Exercise for osteoporotic fracture prevention and management

This chapter summarizes the evidence with regard to the role of exercise for the prevention and management of osteoporosis, falls, and fractures. It focuses on the role of exercise in middle-aged and older adults, it is important to acknowledge that the growing years represent a critical period during which exercise can enhance the mass, structure, and strength of bone. Clinical practice guidelines recommend exercise as a strategy to reduce the risk of fractures. Progressive resistance training (PRT) is the most effective mode of exercise to improve muscle mass, size, and strength, including in individuals who are frail or have a history of fracture. The inclusion of PRT in a multimodal exercise program may have the advantage of preventing diet-induced bone and muscle loss in individuals on a weight loss program.