Lifecycle environmental impact and cost analyses of steel bridge piers with seismic risk

Lifecycle approaches have found their wide applications in analyzing, evaluating and assessing technologies and management methods in the infrastructure systems. While environmental problems such as global warming have become a serious issue in the world, researchers and practicing engineers in civil engineering have to pay attention to environmental impacts as well as function, safety, cost and aesthetics in the
whole lifecycle of civil infrastructures. In addition to the normal lifecycle activities accompanied with operation and aging, the effects of natural hazards such as earthquakes with a low occurrence probability but a high
hazard loss require a full consideration in determining both lifecycle cost and lifecycle environmental impact. In this research, an approach is proposed to predetermine the lifecycle environmental impact and costs of bridges from their construction and maintenance as well as the losses and recovery after natural hazards. Based on this research, it becomes possible to quantitatively outline the roles of bridge construction, maintenance and earthquake in both environmental impact and cost in the whole lifetime of a bridge, especially their constituent parts from seismic losses and recoveries.