Pipes and pipeline systems are an integral part of modern society, from the network of pipes that transport water, gas and sewage of our daily needs to the continuous transmission of hydrocarbons across continents satisfying the energy demands of the global economy. Despite the enormous distances and the harsh environments involved, oil and gas pipelines are the most efficient and environmentally safe form of hydrocarbon transportation currently available today. For this reason, they are critical to continued global prosperity in the 21st century.