Developing a rubric for assessing mathematical reasoning: a design-based research study in primary classrooms

Despite mathematical reasoning being a proficiency included in mathematics curricula around the world, research has found that primary teachers struggle to understand, teach, and assess mathematical reasoning. A detailed rubric involving the three reasoning actions of analysing, generalising and justifying at five proficiency levels was refined according to feedback from teachers. At different stages of the study, teachers used the rubric to assess their students’ reasoning and provided feedback about its usefulness.