Towards autonomous cleaning of photovoltaic modules: Design and realization of a robotic cleaner

Solar panels typically consist of photovoltaic (PV) cells covered by a protective glass coating, which generate electricity when subjected to radiations. However, the capability of electricity generation is constrained due to layer of dust on PV modules. In contrast with conventional method of cleaning the modules using water, this paper presents design and development of a robotic cleaner for cleaning PV modules of Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park (QASP). The hardware as well as software architectures of the proposed robotic cleaner are detailed. The novelty of the design lies in its low cost indigenous development and simplicity in design. The mechanism primarily consists of ducted fan, roller brush and blower fan to offer slippage-free motion and cleaning on a glassy surface. Series of experiments and field trials demonstrate efficiency of the mechanism in cleaning the modules effectively.