A Taxonomy and Analysis of Misbehaviour Detection in Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems: A Systematic Review

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) is one of the proposed solutions to improve the safety and efficiency of road transport. However, C-ITS is prone to misbehaviours that can cause devastating effects such as road accidents and potential loss of life. While there are several research studies including technical studies and surveys that discuss misbehaviour detection in C-ITS, they tend to focus on specific aspects of misbehaviour detection and do not provide a comprehensive and unified coverage. With the objective of serving as a reference for future researchers, this study provides a comprehensive survey of misbehaviour detection in C-ITS. It identifies and discusses the key causes of misbehaviour in C-ITS, and the mechanisms used to detect them. Additionally, it proposes a thematic taxonomy on misbehaviour detection based on a comparative analysis of the technical studies. Furthermore, the existing solutions from the state-of-the-art and their shortcomings are also presented. Finally, this study highlights several significant research challenges and discusses future research directions in the area of misbehaviour detection in C-ITS. In doing so, this study contributes to the existing literature in an important field of study.