A robust zero-watermarking scheme for image based on block compressive sensing and Arnold transformation

A zero-watermarking scheme based on block compressive sensing and Arnold transformation is proposed. The proposed scheme uses important features of original image and the meaningful copyright information to construct zero watermark. The original image is divided into several sub-blocks according to the copyright information. Each sub-block is observed in accordance with the compressive sensing. Meanwhile, Arnold transform is applied to preprocess the binarization copyright information. The above observations should be normalized then. Finally, this scheme generates the zero watermark via performing a logical operation, an exclusive-or (XOR) operation, on the normalized observations and the preprocessed copyright information. Experimental results demonstrate that this scheme not only possesses the robust ability to resist on image-manipulation attacks under consideration but also, average, is superior to other existing methods being considered in the paper. Also, The acquired zero watermark has good discrimination. The proposed scheme has the characteristic of low computational complexity. Copyright © 2014 Binary Information Press.