paradies-asystematic-2006.pdf (167.51 kB)
Download fileA systematic review of empirical research on self-reported racism and health
This paper reviews 138 empirical quantitative population-based studies of self-reported racism and health. These studies show an association between self-reported racism and ill health for oppressed racial groups after adjustment for a range of confounders. The strongest and most consistent findings are for negative mental health outcomes and health-related behaviours, with weaker associations existing for positive mental health outcomes, self-assessed health status, and physical health outcomes. Most studies in this emerging field have been published in the past 5 years and have been limited by a dearth of cohort studies, a lack of psychometrically validated exposure instruments, poor conceptualization and definition of racism, conflation of racism with stress, and debate about the aetiologically relevant period for self-reported racism. Future research should examine the psychometric validity of racism instruments and include these instruments, along with objectively measured health outcomes, in existing large-scale survey vehicles as well as longitudinal studies and studies involving children. There is also a need to gain a better understanding of the perception, attribution, and reporting of racism, to investigate the pathways via which self-reported racism affects health, the interplay between mental and physical health outcomes, and exposure to intra-racial, internalized, and systemic racism. Ensuring the quality of studies in this field will allow future research to reveal the complex role that racism plays as a determinant of population health.
History
Journal
International journal of epidemiologyVolume
35Issue
4Pagination
888 - 901Publisher
Oxford University PressLocation
Oxford, Eng.Publisher DOI
Link to full text
ISSN
0300-5771Language
engPublication classification
C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2006, The AuthorUsage metrics
Categories
Keywords
Empirical ResearchHealth StatusHumansMental DisordersPrejudiceSelf ConceptSocial ClassSocial Control, InformalStress, PsychologicalScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicinePublic, Environmental & Occupational Healthraceethnic groupsracismdiscriminationstressreviewPERCEIVED ETHNIC DISCRIMINATIONAFFECTING ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTIONDETROIT METROPOLITAN-AREABLOOD-PRESSURE REACTIVITYAFRICAN-AMERICAN PARENTSMEXICAN-ORIGIN ADULTSLOW-BIRTH-WEIGHTMENTAL-HEALTHCARDIOVASCULAR REACTIVITYINTERNALIZED RACISM