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Aboriginal mitogenomes reveal 50,000 years of regionalism in Australia
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posted on 2017-04-01, 00:00 authored by R Tobler, A Rohrlach, J Soubrier, P Bover, B Llamas, J Tuke, N Bean, A Abdullah-Highfold, S Agius, A O'Donoghue, I O'Loughlin, P Sutton, F Zilio, K Walshe, A N Williams, C S M Turney, M Williams, S M Richards, R J Mitchell, Emma KowalEmma Kowal, J R Stephen, L Williams, W Haak, A CooperAboriginal Australians represent one of the longest continuous cultural complexes known. Archaeological evidence indicates that Australia and New Guinea were initially settled approximately 50 thousand years ago (ka); however, little is known about the processes underlying the enormous linguistic and phenotypic diversity within Australia. Here we report 111 mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from historical Aboriginal Australian hair samples, whose origins enable us to reconstruct Australian phylogeographic history before European settlement. Marked geographic patterns and deep splits across the major mitochondrial haplogroups imply that the settlement of Australia comprised a single, rapid migration along the east and west coasts that reached southern Australia by 49-45 ka. After continent-wide colonization, strong regional patterns developed and these have survived despite substantial climatic and cultural change during the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Remarkably, we find evidence for the continuous presence of populations in discrete geographic areas dating back to around 50 ka, in agreement with the notable Aboriginal Australian cultural attachment to their country.
History
Journal
NatureVolume
544Issue
7649Pagination
180 - 184Publisher
Nature Publishing GroupLocation
London, Eng.Publisher DOI
eISSN
1476-4687Indigenous content
This research output may contain the names and images of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people now deceased. We apologise for any distress that may occur.Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2017, Macmillan Publishers LimitedUsage metrics
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