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Altered structural connectivity in ADHD: a network based analysis
journal contribution
posted on 2017-06-01, 00:00 authored by Richard Beare, Chris Adamson, Mark A Bellgrove, Veronika Vilgis, Alasdair Vance, Marc L Seal, Tim SilkTim SilkAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly being viewed as a dysfunction of distributed brain networks rather than focal abnormalities. Here we investigated the structural brain network differences in children and adolescents with ADHD and healthy controls, using graph theory metrics to describe the anatomic networks and connectivity patterns, and the Network Based Statistic (NBS) to isolate the network components that differ between the two groups. Using DWI high-angular resolution diffusion imaging ('HARDI'), whole brain tractography was conducted on 21 ADHD-combined type boys (m 13.3 ± 1.9 yrs) and 21 typically developing boys (m 14.8 ± 2.1 yrs). This study presents a comprehensive structural network investigation in ADHD covering a range of commonly used methodologies, including both streamline and probabilistic tractography, tensor and constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) models, as well as different edge weighting methods at a range of densities and t-thresholds. Using graph metrics, ADHD was associated with local neighbourhoods that were more modular and interconnected than controls, where there was a decrease in the global, long-range connections, indicating reduced communication between local, specialised networks in ADHD. ADHD presented with a sub-network of stronger connectivity encompassing bilateral frontostriatal connections as well as left occipital, temporal, and parietal regions, of which the white matter microstructure was associated with ADHD symptom severity. Probabilistic tractography using CSD and the Hagmann weighting method produced that highest stability and most robust network differences across t-thresholds. It demonstrates topological organisation disruption in distributed neural networks in ADHD, supportive of the theory of maturation delay in ADHD.
History
Journal
Brain imaging behaviorVolume
11Issue
3Pagination
846 - 858Publisher
SpringerLocation
New York, N.Y.Publisher DOI
eISSN
1931-7565Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2016, Springer Science+Business Media New YorkUsage metrics
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ADHDConnectivityGraph theoryHARDIMRINBSAdolescentAlgorithmsAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBrainBrain MappingChildDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingHumansIntelligenceMaleNeural PathwaysOrgan SizeRegression AnalysisSeverity of Illness IndexScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineNeuroimagingNeurosciences & NeurologyATTENTION-DEFICIT\/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERIN-DIFFUSION MRIQUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGYBRAIN ACTIVATIONTRACTOGRAPHYCHILDRENABNORMALITIESREGISTRATIONADOLESCENTS
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