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Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder
journal contribution
posted on 2022-11-25, 03:44 authored by M Bauer, T Glenn, ED Achtyes, M Alda, E Agaoglu, K Altınbaş, OA Andreassen, E Angelopoulos, R Ardau, M Aydin, Y Ayhan, C Baethge, R Bauer, BT Baune, C Balaban, C Becerra-Palars, AP Behere, PB Behere, H Belete, T Belete, GO Belizario, F Bellivier, RH Belmaker, F Benedetti, M Berk, Y Bersudsky, Ş Bicakci, H Birabwa-Oketcho, TD Bjella, C Brady, J Cabrera, M Cappucciati, AM Paredes Castro, WL Chen, EYW Cheung, S Chiesa, M Crowe, A Cuomo, S Dallaspezia, M Del Zompo, P Desai, Seetal DoddSeetal Dodd, B Etain, A Fagiolini, FT Fellendorf, E Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, JG Fiedorowicz, KN Fountoulakis, MA Frye, PA Geoffroy, A Gonzalez-Pinto, JF Gottlieb, P Grof, BCM Haarman, H Harima, M Hasse-Sousa, C Henry, L Høffding, J Houenou, M Imbesi, ET Isometsä, M Ivkovic, S Janno, S Johnsen, F Kapczinski, GN Karakatsoulis, M Kardell, LV Kessing, SJ Kim, B König, TL Kot, M Koval, M Kunz, B Lafer, M Landén, ER Larsen, M Lenger, U Lewitzka, RW Licht, C Lopez-Jaramillo, A MacKenzie, HØ Madsen, SAKA Madsen, J Mahadevan, A Mahardika, M Manchia, W Marsh, M Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, K Martiny, Y Mashima, DM McLoughlin, Y Meesters, I Melle, F Meza-Urzúa, YM Mok, S Monteith, M Moorthy, G Morken, E Mosca, AA MozzhegorovObjective: Circadian rhythm disruption is commonly observed in bipolar disorder (BD). Daylight is the most powerful signal to entrain the human circadian clock system. This exploratory study investigated if solar insolation at the onset location was associated with the polarity of the first episode of BD I. Solar insolation is the amount of electromagnetic energy from the Sun striking a surface area of the Earth. Methods: Data from 7488 patients with BD I were collected at 75 sites in 42 countries. The first episode occurred at 591 onset locations in 67 countries at a wide range of latitudes in both hemispheres. Solar insolation values were obtained for every onset location, and the ratio of the minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation was calculated. This ratio is largest near the equator (with little change in solar insolation over the year), and smallest near the poles (where winter insolation is very small compared to summer insolation). This ratio also applies to tropical locations which may have a cloudy wet and clear dry season, rather than winter and summer. Results: The larger the change in solar insolation throughout the year (smaller the ratio between the minimum monthly and maximum monthly values), the greater the likelihood the first episode polarity was depression. Other associated variables were being female and increasing percentage of gross domestic product spent on country health expenditures. (All coefficients: P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Increased awareness and research into circadian dysfunction throughout the course of BD is warranted.
History
Journal
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchVolume
160Article number
110982Pagination
1-10Location
Amsterdam, The NetherlandsPublisher DOI
ISSN
0022-3999eISSN
1879-1360Language
EnglishPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalPublisher
ElsevierUsage metrics
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No categories selectedKeywords
AGE-OF-ONSETBipolar disorderCircadian rhythmDepressionGLOBAL ANALYSISHUMAN CIRCADIAN CLOCKLife Sciences & BiomedicineLIGHTMAJOR DEPRESSIONMOODPolarityPsychiatryRHYTHMSScience & TechnologySLEEPSolar insolationSUBSTANCE USE DISORDERSSunlightWORLDBipolar DisorderCircadian RhythmFemaleHumansMaleSeasonsSerious Mental IllnessMental HealthMedical and Health SciencesPsychology and Cognitive Sciences
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