Associations between adverse social position and bone mineral density in women aged 50 years or older: data from the Manitoba bone density program

The authors examined the independent contribution of income to low bone mineral density in women aged 50 years and older. A significant dose–response association was observed between low income and low (bone mineral density) BMD, which was not explained by clinical risk factors or osteoporotic treatment in the year prior.

The association between social disadvantage and osteoporosis is attracting increased attention; however, little is known of the role played by income. We examined associations between income and bone mineral density (BMD) in 51,327 women aged ≥50 years from Manitoba, Canada.