Atlas of the Global Burden of Stroke (1990-2013): The GBD 2013 Study
Version 3 2024-10-19, 23:58
Version 2 2024-06-06, 05:58
Version 1 2022-10-30, 22:03
journal contribution
posted on 2024-10-19, 23:58 authored by Valery L Feigin, George A Mensah, Bo Norrving, Christopher JL Murray, Gregory A Roth, Maria Cecilia Bahit, Amanda G Thrift, Atte Meretoja, Bill Stavreski, Craig S Anderson, Edwin Pearse, Geoffrey Donnan, Graeme J Hankey, Mark T Mackay, Stephen Davis, Zanfina Ademi, Michael Brainin, Tural Guliyev, Randah R Hamadeh, Heather Harewood, Karen Springer, Iuri Da Costa Leite, Jefferson Gomes Fernandes, Norberto Luiz Cabral, Paulo A Lotufo, Klara Dokova, Farshad Pourmalek, Gabrielle DeVeber, Luciano A Sposato, M Patrice Lindsay, Patricia M Riccio, Pablo M Lavados, Bin Li, Chuanhua Yu, Guohong Jiang, Jixiang Ma, Maigeng Zhou, Ming Liu, Shankuan Zhu, Wenzhi Wang, Xiaofeng Liang, Yong Zhang, Gabriel Alcalá-Cerra, Hanne K Christensen, Thomas Truelsen, Foad Abd-Allah, Awoke Temesgen, Berhe Weldearegawi Sahle, Semaw Ferede Abera, Yohannes Adama Melaku, Devina Nand, Maurice Giroud, Jost B Jonas, Matthias Endres, Ronny Westerman, Konstantinos Stroumpoulis, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Jeyaraj Durai Pandian, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Nobhojit Roy, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Rajeev Gupta, Vasanthan Rajagopalan, Soewarta Kosen, Tati Suryati Warouw, Reza Malekzadeh, Martin J O'Donnell, Natan M Bornstein, David Tanne, Stefano Ricci, Valeria Caso, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Yukito Shinohara, Majed Masoud Asad, Vitalis Kizito Bwire, Sun Ha Jee, Young Ho Khang, Ismael Campos-Nonato, Kim Yunjin, Ramesh Sahathevan, Fortuné Gankpé, Chaw Yin Myint, Johanna M Geleijnse, Priya Parmar, Rita V Krishnamurthi, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Ole Norheim, Shams Eldin Khalifa, Michael Kravchenko, Michael Piradov, Nikolay Shalamov, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov, Yuri Varakin, Jean De Dieu Ngirabega, Jean Pierre Nyemazi, Marie Aimee Muhimpundu, Mohammad Saeedi, Neeraj Bedi, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Andre Pascal Kengne, David Rojas-Rueda, Ferrán Catalá-López, Samath D Dharmaratne, Rasmus Havmoeller, Leo Atwine, Amitava Banerjee, Charles Wolfe, Derrick A Bennett, Finbar O'Callaghan, Ivy Shiue, Julia A Critchley, Majid Ezzati, Michael Soljak, Myles D Connor, Peter M Rothwell, Rajiv Chowdhury, Rustam Al Shahi Salman, William Whiteley, Zhengming Chen, Mercedes Colomar, Adnan M Durrani, Anand Dayama, Andrew E Moran, Awoke Misganaw, Brett M Kissela, Catherine Amlie-Lefond, Catherine O Johnson, Cheng Huang, Chugh Sumeet, Daniel Kim, David K Cundiff, David Lawrence Tirschwell, Dhruv S Kazi, Dima Qato, Edmond Kato Kabagambe, Eric Ding, Gene Bukhman, Gene Kwan, George D Thurston, Grant Nguyen, Josef Coresh, Kate Lefondulq, Kevin N Sheth, Matthew A Corriere, Mohammad H Forouzanfar, Mohsen Naghavi, Nana Mainoo, Norman J Beauchamp, Ralph L Sacco, Richard F Gillum, Sanjay Basu, Stephen M Schwartz, Teresa Fung, Theo Vos, Tim E Byers, Uchechukwu KA Sampson, Walter A Rocca, Warren LoBackground: World mapping is an important tool to visualize stroke burden and its trends in various regions and countries. Objectives: To show geographic patterns of incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) and their trends for ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke in the world for 1990-2013. Methodology: Stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, DALYs and YLDs were estimated following the general approach of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 with several important improvements in methods. Data were updated for mortality (through April 2014) and stroke incidence, prevalence, case fatality and severity through 2013. Death was estimated using an ensemble modeling approach. A new software package, DisMod-MR 2.0, was used as part of a custom modeling process to estimate YLDs. All rates were age-standardized to new GBD estimates of global population. All estimates have been computed with 95% uncertainty intervals. Results: Age-standardized incidence, mortality, prevalence and DALYs/YLDs declined over the period from 1990 to 2013. However, the absolute number of people affected by stroke has substantially increased across all countries in the world over the same time period, suggesting that the global stroke burden continues to increase. There were significant geographical (country and regional) differences in stroke burden in the world, with the majority of the burden borne by low- and middle-income countries. Conclusions: Global burden of stroke has continued to increase in spite of dramatic declines in age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality rates and disability. Population growth and aging have played an important role in the observed increase in stroke burden.
