Basic Life Support: 2025 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation conducts continuous review of new, peer-reviewed published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science, and publishes more comprehensive reviews every 5 years. The Basic Life Support Task Force chapter of the 2025 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations addressed all published resuscitation evidence reviewed by the Basic Life Support Task Force science experts since 2020. Topics addressed by systematic reviews in the last year include chest compression–only cardiopulmonary resuscitation, starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation with compressions or airway and breathing, chest compression and ventilation ratios, durations of cardiopulmonary resuscitation cycles, hand positioning during compressions, head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilation feedback devices, and pad and paddle size and placement. Members from the Basic Life Support Task Force have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task force are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task force lists priority knowledge gaps for further research.