File(s) under permanent embargo
Cocaine use severity and cerebellar gray matter are associated with reversal learning deficits in cocaine-dependent individuals
journal contribution
posted on 2015-05-01, 00:00 authored by L Moreno-López, J Perales, D van Son, Natalia Albein-UriosNatalia Albein-Urios, C Soriano-Mas, J Martinez-Gonzalez, R Wiers, A Verdejo-GarcíaCocaine addiction involves persistent deficits to unlearn previously rewarded response options, potentially due to neuroadaptations in learning-sensitive regions. Cocaine-targeted prefrontal systems have been consistently associated with reinforcement learning and reversal deficits, but more recent interspecies research has raised awareness about the contribution of the cerebellum to cocaine addiction and reversal. We aimed at investigating the link between cocaine use, reversal learning and prefrontal, insula and cerebellar gray matter in cocaine-dependent individuals (CDIs) varying on levels of cocaine exposure in comparison with healthy controls (HCs). Twenty CDIs and 21 HCs performed a probabilistic reversal learning task (PRLT) and were subsequently scanned in a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner. In the PRLT, subjects progressively learn to respond to one predominantly reinforced stimulus, and thenmust learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus-reward pairing. Performance measureswere errors after reversal (reversal cost), and probability of maintaining response after errors. Voxel-based morphometry was conducted to investigate the association between gray matter volume in the regions of interest and cocaine use and PRLT performance. Severity of cocaine use correlated with gray matter volume reduction in the left cerebellum (lobule VIII), while greater reversal cost was correlated with gray matter volume reduction in a partially overlapping cluster (lobules VIIb and VIII). Right insula/inferior frontal gyrus correlated with probability of maintaining response after errors. Severity of cocaine use detrimentally impacted reversal learning and cerebellar gray matter.
History
Journal
Addiction biologyVolume
20Issue
3Pagination
546 - 556Publisher
WileyLocation
Chichester, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
1369-1600Language
engPublication classification
C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2014, Society for the Study of AddictionUsage metrics
Categories
No categories selectedKeywords
Licence
Exports
RefWorks
BibTeX
Ref. manager
Endnote
DataCite
NLM
DC