Communication about sexuality for adolescents with cerebral palsy and complex communication needs: A scoping review with framework synthesis

AbstractAimTo understand communication about sexuality for adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and complex communication needs.MethodWe systematically searched primary research on adolescents aged 10 to 24 years with CP and/or complex communication needs. We coded the primary evidence against themes derived from a theoretical framework analysis. Consumer research partners were involved throughout.ResultsMost of the 16 identified papers described adolescents with CP who could speak. While these adolescents engaged in some discussions with peers about sexuality, they also reported an absence of desired communication with peers and health professionals. The evidence about adolescents with complex communication needs centred on communication with teachers and parents or carers, and on vulnerability to abuse and socially appropriate masturbatory behaviours, rather than positive aspects of sexuality.InterpretationGiven the complexity of their disabilities, adolescents with CP and complex communication needs probably require support to understand and express themselves as sexual and gendered beings. Our findings reveal a sexuality evidence base that fails to address the needs of adolescents with CP during this critical life phase, emphasizing the need for more inclusive, communication‐aware sexuality research.