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Comparative effect of dairy fatty acids on cell adhesion molecules, nitric oxide and relative gene expression in healthy and diabetic human aortic endothelial cells
journal contribution
posted on 2014-05-01, 00:00 authored by Katherine LivingstoneKatherine Livingstone, D I Givens, K G Jackson, J A LovegroveOBJECTIVE: Dairy intake, despite its high saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This in vitro study determined the effect of individual fatty acids (FA) found in dairy, and FA mixtures representative of a high SFA and a low SFA dairy lipid on markers of endothelial function in healthy and type II diabetic aortic endothelial cells. METHODS: Cells were incubated for 24 h with FA mixtures (400 μM) and individual FA: oleic acid (OA; 150 μM); palmitic acid (PA; 150 μM); stearic acid (SA: 40 μM); trans-palmitelaidic acid (trans-PA; 20 μM); trans-vaccenic acid (trans-VA; 20 μM); α-linolenic acid (ALA; 20 μM) and linoleic acid (LA; 20 μM). Cellular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured using ELISA and a chemiluminescent-based assay, respectively. Relative gene expression of these markers, including the insulin receptor, was performed using real-time PCR as well as FA compositions of cell pellets by gas chromatography. RESULTS: FA mixtures affected sE-selectin concentrations (P = 0.008), with concentrations lower following the high SFA compared to the low SFA mixture (P = 0.004), while NO concentrations were higher in diabetic compared to healthy cells (P = 0.029). Individual FA affected NO (P = 0.007) and sE-selectin (P = 0.040) concentrations with an increase following PA incubation relative to all other FA treatments (P < 0.05). PA increased sE-selectin compared with other FA treatments (P < 0.05). sE-selectin concentrations were also higher in healthy compared to diabetic cells (P = 0.023). Expression of ICAM-1 and insulin receptor was up-regulated in healthy compared to diabetic cells (P = 0.014 and P = 0.006 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Healthy and type II diabetic cells respond differently to incubation with FA treatments. Overall, physiological concentrations of dairy FA, but not dairy FA mixtures, substantially affected markers of endothelial function.
History
Journal
AtherosclerosisVolume
234Issue
1Pagination
65 - 72Publisher
ElsevierLocation
Amsterdam, The NetherlandsISSN
0021-9150eISSN
1879-1484Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2014, Elsevier IrelandUsage metrics
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Categories
Keywords
Cardiovascular diseaseDairyEndothelial cellsFatty acidsType II diabetesCell Adhesion MoleculesCells, CulturedDairy ProductsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Endothelium, VascularGene ExpressionHumansNitric OxideScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineCardiac & Cardiovascular SystemsPeripheral Vascular DiseaseCardiovascular System & CardiologyARTERIAL STIFFNESSBLOOD-PRESSURERISK-FACTORSMEN EVIDENCEFOOD-INTAKEDYSFUNCTIONACTIVATIONDISEASEMILK