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Coordinated Volt-Var Control of Reconfigurable Microgrids with Power-to-Hydrogen Systems

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posted on 2025-01-23, 04:53 authored by Khalil Gholami, Ali Azizivahed, Ali Arefi, Li Li, Mohammad Taufiqul ArifMohammad Taufiqul Arif, Enamul HaqueEnamul Haque
The integration of electrolyzers and fuel cells can cause voltage fluctuations within microgrids if not properly scheduled. Therefore, controlling voltage and reactive power becomes crucial to mitigate the impact of fluctuating voltage levels, ensuring system stability and preventing damage to equipment. This paper, therefore, seeks to enhance voltage and reactive power control within reconfigurable microgrids in the presence of innovative power-to-hydrogen technologies via electrolyzers and hydrogen-to-power through fuel cells. Specifically, it focuses on the simultaneous coordination of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and a fuel cell alongside on-load tap changers, smart photovoltaic inverters, renewable energy sources, diesel generators, and electric vehicle aggregation within the microgrid system. Additionally, dynamic network reconfiguration is employed to enhance microgrid flexibility and improve the overall system adaptability. Given the inherent unpredictability linked to resources, the unscented transformation method is employed to account for these uncertainties in the proposed voltage and reactive power management. Finally, the model is formulated as a convex optimization problem and is solved through GUROBI version 11, which leads to having a time-efficient model with high accuracy. To assess the effectiveness of the model, it is eventually examined on a modified 33-bus microgrid in several cases. Through the results of the under-study microgrid, the developed model is a great remedy for the simultaneous operation of diverse resources in reconfigurable microgrids with a flatter voltage profile across the microgrid.

History

Journal

Energies

Volume

17

Article number

6442

Pagination

1-20

Location

Basel, Switzerland

Open access

  • Yes

ISSN

1996-1073

eISSN

1996-1073

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Issue

24

Publisher

MDPI

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