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Development and application of polymerase chain reaction-based assays for Rathayibacter Toxicus and a Bacteriophage associated with annual ryegrass (Lolium Rigidum) toxicity
journal contribution
posted on 2007-01-01, 00:00 authored by M Kowalski, David CahillDavid Cahill, T Doran, S ColegateAnnual ryegrass toxicity (ARGT) is responsible for significant stock losses in South Australia and Western Australia. The toxicity is caused by corynetoxins produced by the bacterium Rathayibacter toxicus (with the possible involvement of a bacteriophage), which infects annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays, compatible with an existing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the corynetoxins, have been developed and used to screen L. rigidum for both the presence of R. toxicus and for the bacteriophage isolate NCPPB 3778. The results from analysing bacterially infected galls from toxic grain screenings showed a positive correlation between the presence of the bacterium and corynetoxins but not with the bacteriophage. Analysis of pasture-derived samples of annual ryegrass showed about a 50% correlation of corynetoxins with bacterial presence and about a 5% correlation of phage with the presence of the bacterium. These observations support the potential application of the PCR-based assays in providing a useful, complementary tool in the assessment of the likelihood of pasture and feed to cause ARGT and to enable a better understanding of the complex aetiology of ARGT.
History
Journal
Australian journal of experimental agricultureVolume
47Pagination
177 - 183Publisher
CSIRO PublishingLocation
East Melbourne, Vic.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0816-1089eISSN
1836-0939Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2007, CSIROUsage metrics
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