File(s) under permanent embargo
Dietary Intake and Arterial Stiffness in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-26, 02:27 authored by A Leed, E Sheridan, B Baker, S Bamford, E Emmanouilidis, F Stewart, K Ostafe, M Sarwari, Karen Lim, Miaobing ZhengMiaobing Zheng, Shariful IslamShariful Islam, Kristy BoltonKristy Bolton, Carley GrimesCarley GrimesArterial stiffness is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease that is affected by diet. However, research understanding how these dietary risk factors are related to arterial stiffness during childhood is limited. The purpose of this review was to determine whether various dietary factors were associated with arterial stiffness in the pediatric population. Five databases were systematically searched. Intervention studies, cross-sectional and cohort studies were included that investigated nutrient or food intake and outcomes of arterial stiffness, primarily measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx), in the pediatric population (aged 0–18 years). A final 19 studies (six intervention and 13 observational) were included. Only two intervention studies, including a vitamin D and omega-3 supplementation trial, found protective effects on PWV and AIx in adolescents. Findings from observational studies were overall inconsistent and varied. There was limited evidence to indicate a protective effect of a healthy dietary pattern on arterial stiffness and an adverse effect of total fat intake, sodium intake and fast-food consumption. Overall, results indicated that some dietary factors may be associated with arterial stiffness in pediatric populations; however, inconsistencies were observed across all study designs. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are warranted to confirm the potential associations found in this review.
History
Journal
NutrientsVolume
15Article number
2092Pagination
2092-2092Location
Basel, SwitzerlandPublisher DOI
ISSN
2072-6643eISSN
2072-6643Language
enIssue
9Publisher
MDPI AGUsage metrics
Keywords
dietary intakedietary patterndietary supplementomega-3 supplementationvitamin D supplementationarterial stiffnesspulse wave velocityaortic stiffnesschileadolescentPreventionPediatricClinical ResearchPediatric Research InitiativeNutritionComplementary and Integrative Health3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention2 Aetiology3 Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being2.3 Psychological, social and economic factorsCardiovascularFood Sciences not elsewhere classifiedNutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified