Deakin University
Browse

File(s) not publicly available

Dietary Patterns Characterized by Fat Type in Association with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study of UK Biobank Participants

journal contribution
posted on 2021-11-02, 00:00 authored by B Brayner, Gunveen KaurGunveen Kaur, Michelle KeskeMichelle Keske, A Perez-Cornago, C Piernas, Katherine LivingstoneKatherine Livingstone
ABSTRACT

Background
The fat type consumed is considered a risk factor for developing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, these associations have not been investigated using a dietary patterns approach, which can capture combinations of foods and fat type consumed.


Objectives
This study aimed to investigate associations between dietary patterns with varying proportions of SFAs, MUFAs, or PUFAs and obesity, abdominal obesity, and self-reported T2D incidence.


Methods
This study included UK Biobank participants with 2 or more 24-h dietary assessments, free from the outcome of interest at recruitment, and with outcome data at follow-up (n = 16,523; mean follow-up: 6.3 y). Reduced rank regression was used to derive dietary patterns with SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (% of energy intake) as response variables. Logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, was used to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and obesity [BMI (kg/m2) ≥30], abdominal obesity (waist circumference; men: ≥102 cm; women: ≥88 cm) and T2D incidence.


Results
Two dietary patterns, DP1 and DP2, were identified: DP1 positively correlated with SFAs (r = 0.48), MUFAs (r = 0.67), and PUFAs (r = 0.56), characterized by higher intake of nuts, seeds, and butter and lower intake of fruit and low-fat yogurt; DP2 positively correlated with SFAs (r = 0.76) and negatively with PUFAs (r = −0.64) and MUFAs (r = −0.01), characterized by higher intake of butter and high-fat cheese and lower intake of nuts and seeds. Only DP2 was associated with higher obesity and abdominal obesity incidence (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.45; and OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.38, respectively). Neither of the dietary patterns was associated with T2D incidence.


Conclusions
These findings provide evidence that a dietary pattern characterized by higher SFA and lower PUFA foods is associated with obesity and abdominal obesity incidence, but not T2D.

History

Journal

Journal of Nutrition

Volume

151

Issue

11

Pagination

3570 - 3578

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Location

Oxford, England

ISSN

0022-3166

eISSN

1541-6100

Language

English

Notes

Editor's Choice

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal