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Divide-the-Dollar game revisited

journal contribution
posted on 2001-06-01, 00:00 authored by Nejat AnbarciNejat Anbarci
In the Divide-the-Dollar (DD) game, two players simultaneously make demands to divide a dollar. Each player receives his demand if the sum of the demands does not exceed one, a payoff of zero otherwise. Note that, in the latter case, both parties are punished severely. A major setback of DD is that each division of the dollar is a Nash equilibrium outcome. Observe that, when the sum of the two demands x and y exceeds one, it is as if Player 1's demand x (or his offer (1−x) to Player 2) suggests that Player 2 agrees to λx < 1 times his demand y so that Player 1's demand and Player 2's modified demand add up to exactly one; similarly, Player 2's demand y (or his offer (1−y) to Player 1) suggests that Player 1 agrees to λyx so that λyx+y = 1. Considering this fact, we change DD's payoff assignment rule when the sum of the demands exceeds one; here in this case, each player's payoff becomes his demand times his λ; i.e., each player has to make the sacrifice that he asks his opponent to make. We show that this modified version of DD has an iterated strict dominant strategy equilibrium in which each player makes the egalitarian demand 1/2. We also provide a natural N-person generalization of this procedure.

History

Journal

Theory and decision

Volume

50

Issue

4

Pagination

295 - 304

Publisher

Springer New York LLC

Location

New York, N.Y.

ISSN

0040-5833

eISSN

1573-7187

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Copyright notice

2001, Kluwer Academic Publishers.