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Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) : a review of its biological effects
journal contribution
posted on 2011-01-01, 00:00 authored by Gunveen KaurGunveen Kaur, David Cameron-Smith, M Garg, Andrew SinclairAndrew SinclairThis article summarizes the current knowledge available on metabolism and the biological effects of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). n-3 DPA has not been extensively studied because of the limited availability of the pure compound. n-3 DPA is an elongated metabolite of EPA and is an intermediary product between EPA and DHA. The literature on n-3 DPA is limited, however the available data suggests it has beneficial health effects. In vitro n-3 DPA is retro-converted back to EPA, however it does not appear to be readily metabolised to DHA. In vivo studies have shown limited conversion of n-3 DPA to DHA, mainly in liver, but in addition retro-conversion to EPA is evident in a number of tissues. n-3 DPA can be metabolised by lipoxygenase, in platelets, to form ll-hydroxy-7,9,13,16,19- and 14-hydroxy-7,10,12,16,19-DPA. It has also been reported that n-3 DPA is effective (more so than EPA and DHA) in inhibition of aggregation in platelets obtained from rabbit blood. In addition, there is evidence that n-3 DPA possesses 10-fold greater endothelial cell migration ability than EPA, which is important in wound-healing processes. An in vivo study has reported that n-3 DPA reduces the fatty acid synthase and malic enzyme activity levels in n-3 DPA-supplemented mice and these effects were stronger than the EPA-supplemented mice. Another recent in vivo study has reported that n-3 DPA may have a role in attenuating age-related decrease in spatial learning and long-term potentiation. However, more research remains to be done to further investigate the biological effects of this n-3 VLCPUFA.
History
Journal
Progress in lipid researchVolume
50Issue
1Pagination
28 - 34Publisher
ElsevierLocation
Amsterdam, The NetherlandsPublisher DOI
ISSN
0163-7827eISSN
1873-2194Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2010, Elsevier Ltd.Usage metrics
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n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFA)eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)Science & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyNutrition & DieteticsPOLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDSALPHA-LINOLENIC ACIDACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHADOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDENDOTHELIAL-CELLS7,10,13,16,19-DOCOSAPENTAENOIC ACIDPLATELET-AGGREGATIONGENE-EXPRESSIONRISK-FACTORRAT-LIVER
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