File(s) under permanent embargo
Exercise as an intervention to improve metabolic outcomes after intrauterine growth restriction
journal contribution
posted on 2014-05-01, 00:00 authored by K L Gatford, Gunveen KaurGunveen Kaur, F Falcão-Tebas, Glenn WadleyGlenn Wadley, M E Wlodek, R C Laker, P R Ebeling, G K McConellIndividuals born after intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are at an increased risk of developing diabetes in their adult life. IUGR impairs β-cell function and reduces β-cell mass, thereby diminishing insulin secretion. IUGR also induces insulin resistance, with impaired insulin signaling in muscle in adult humans who were small for gestational age (SGA) and in rodent models of IUGR. There is epidemiological evidence in humans that exercise in adults can reduce the risk of metabolic disease following IUGR. However, it is not clear whether adult IUGR individuals benefit to the same extent from exercise as do normal-birth-weight individuals, as our rat studies suggest less of a benefit in those born IUGR. Importantly, however, there is some evidence from studies in rats that exercise in early life might be able to reverse or reprogram the long-term metabolic effects of IUGR. Studies are needed to address gaps in current knowledge, including determining the mechanisms involved in the reprogramming effects of early exercise in rats, whether exercise early in life or in adulthood has similar beneficial metabolic effects in larger animal models in which insulin resistance develops after IUGR. Human studies are also needed to determine whether exercise training improves insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity to the same extent in IUGR adults as in control populations. Such investigations will have implications for customizing the recommended level and timing of exercise to improve metabolic health after IUGR.
History
Journal
American journal of physiology - endocrinology and metabolismVolume
306Issue
9Pagination
E999 - E1012Publisher
American Physiological SocietyLocation
Bethesda, MDPublisher DOI
ISSN
0193-1849eISSN
1522-1555Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2014, American Physiological SocietyUsage metrics
Categories
No categories selectedKeywords
IUGRglucose toleranceinsulin secretioninsulin sensitivityphysical activitytrainingβ-cellsAdultAnimalsBlood GlucoseExercise TherapyFemaleFetal Growth RetardationHumansInsulin-Secreting CellsPhysical Conditioning, AnimalPregnancyRatsTreatment OutcomeScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineEndocrinology & MetabolismPhysiologybeta-cellsFOR-GESTATIONAL-AGELOW-BIRTH-WEIGHTBETA-CELL MASSPOSTNATAL CALORIE RESTRICTIONDEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUSREDUCING LITTER SIZELOW-PROTEIN DIETRATS BORN SMALLINSULIN-RESISTANCESKELETAL-MUSCLE
Licence
Exports
RefWorks
BibTeX
Ref. manager
Endnote
DataCite
NLM
DC