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Frontoparietal function in young people with dysthymic disorder (DSM-5: persistent depressive disorder) during spatial working memory

Version 3 2024-06-18, 09:41
Version 2 2024-06-04, 15:27
Version 1 2018-08-03, 15:06
journal contribution
posted on 2014-05-01, 00:00 authored by Veronika Vilgis, Jian Chen, Tim SilkTim Silk, Ross Cunnington, Alasdair Vance
BACKGROUND: Dysthymic disorder (DD) is a depressive disorder characterised by persistent low and/or irritable mood and has been identified as a major risk factor for developing major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD and DD have been associated with executive function difficulties of working memory and attention. Little is known about how executive function networks in the brain are affected in children and adolescents with MDD and even less in DD. This study used fMRI and two spatial working memory paradigms to investigate associated brain function in young people with DD and an age-, gender- and IQ- matched typically developing group. METHODS: Nineteen male patients with DD (mean age 11.2±1.5 years) diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria and 16 typically developing boys (mean age 10.5±1.1 years) performed a mental rotation and a delay-match to sample (DMTS) task while undergoing fMRI. All participants were medication-naïve at the time of testing. RESULTS: Compared to typically developing young people, the DD group showed less activation in left frontal regions including left ventro- and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (PFC) during mental rotation. Medial frontal regions including dorsomedial PFC, anterior cingulate cortex and frontal pole also showed relatively reduced activation. During the DMTS task patients showed significantly more activation in the right precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex. LIMITATIONS: This was a cross-sectional study with a small sample limiting the generalizability of the results. CONCLUSIONS: The results complement previous findings in adults with MDD that have shown differential activation of left PFC regions during working memory tasks. Additionally, altered function of cortical midline structures in young patients with DD was identified. This supports findings in children, adolescents and adults with MDD suggesting that the pathophysiology of depressive disorders extends to DD as a risk factor for MDD and exhibits continuity over the lifespan.

History

Journal

Journal of affective disorders

Volume

160

Pagination

34 - 42

Publisher

Elsevier

Location

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

eISSN

1573-2517

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Copyright notice

2014, Elsevier B.V.