File(s) under permanent embargo
Further studies to quantify the dose of natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus for pigs
journal contribution
posted on 2002-04-01, 00:00 authored by Soren AlexandersenSoren Alexandersen, A I DonaldsonFoot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can be spread by a variety of mechanisms, including wind. Simulation models, developed to predict the risk of airborne spread, have played an important part in decision making in some outbreaks. The amount of airborne virus excreted as well as the minimal infectious dose (MID) of FMDV for different species are important determinants of airborne spread. The objective of this study was to obtain data for the O1 Lausanne, O SKR 2000 and O UKG 2001 strains of FMDV to enhance the capability of such models. Pigs were exposed to naturally generated aerosols of the three strains using an experimental design which delivered high doses of the two strains O1 Lausanne and O SKR 2000 over a short period, or of the O UKG 2001 strain over an extended period. The average excretion of the O1 Lausanne strain was 10(6.4) TCID50 per pig per hour. The excretion of the O SKR 2000 strain averaged 10(5.8) and the O UKG 2001 strain 10(6.1) TCID per pig per 24 h. The results show that the previous estimate of 'above' 800 TCID50 as the MID50 for the O1 Lausanne strain is a considerable under-estimate and that the real dose may be as high as 6000 TCID50. A dose of around 650 TCID50 of the O SKR 2000 strain failed to infect any pigs. Thus, the aerosol MID50 for pigs for this isolate is at least 1000 TCID50 and likely to be as high or higher than the O1 Lausanne strain. The exposure of pairs of recipient pigs kept physically separated from donor pigs in a series of rooms to aerosol exposure doses of the O UKG 2001 strain of around 50 TCID50 per min for 24-48 h failed to infect any of eight pigs. Thus, the present experiment confirms our previous findings that pigs, compared to cattle and sheep, are relatively resistant to infection with airborne FMDV.
History
Journal
Epidemiology and infectionVolume
128Issue
2Pagination
313 - 323Publisher
Cambridge University PressLocation
Cambridge, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0950-2688eISSN
1469-4409Language
engPublication classification
C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2002, Cambridge University PressUsage metrics
Categories
No categories selectedKeywords
AerosolsAnimalsDisease OutbreaksFoot-and-Mouth DiseaseFoot-and-Mouth Disease VirusHousing, AnimalInhalation ExposureSwineSwine DiseasesScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicinePublic, Environmental & Occupational HealthInfectious DiseasesLINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAYAIRBORNE SPREADINFECTIONELISAANTIBODIESDIAGNOSISMODELSFMD
Licence
Exports
RefWorks
BibTeX
Ref. manager
Endnote
DataCite
NLM
DC