Highly sensitive SPR sensor employing zinc selenide, silver nanocomposite, and lead titanate for the detection of cancer cells

Abstract: This paper presents the design and evaluation of an optimized prism-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for the early detection of various cancer types. The Kretschmann configuration–based SPR sensor integrates multiple novel layers, including silver (Ag), zinc selenide (ZnSe), lead telluride (PbTiO3), and silver nanocomposite layers. The SPR sensor is analyzed with angular interrogation analysis, which utilizes the attenuated total reflection (ATR) approach for investigating the refractive index component and detecting different forms of cancer cells. The design and performance evaluation are realized using the finite element method (FEM). The sensor can identify skin, cervical, blood, adrenal gland, breast (type I), and breast (type II) cancer with a sensitivity of 200.54°/RIU, 262.61°/RIU, 286.48°/RIU, 327.41°/RIU, 409.26°/RIU, and 427.72°/RIU, respectively. It exhibits a detection accuracy of 2 and a maximum quality factor of 107.14 RIU-1. In comparison with earlier research studies, a notable improvement in performance is demonstrated through the numerical analysis of the sensor properties.