Holistic Review of UAV-Centric Situational Awareness: Applications, Limitations, and Algorithmic Challenges

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of UAV-centric situational awareness (SA), delineating its applications, limitations, and underlying algorithmic challenges. It highlights the pivotal role of advanced algorithmic and strategic insights, including sensor integration, robust communication frameworks, and sophisticated data processing methodologies. The paper critically analyzes multifaceted challenges such as real-time data processing demands, adaptability in dynamic environments, and complexities introduced by advanced AI and machine learning techniques. Key contributions include a detailed exploration of UAV-centric SA’s transformative potential in industries such as precision agriculture, disaster management, and urban infrastructure monitoring, supported by case studies. In addition, the paper delves into algorithmic approaches for path planning and control, as well as strategies for multi-agent cooperative SA, addressing their respective challenges and future directions. Moreover, this paper discusses forthcoming technological advancements, such as energy-efficient AI solutions, aimed at overcoming current limitations. This holistic review provides valuable insights into the UAV-centric SA, establishing a foundation for future research and practical applications in this domain.