sominsky-hormonalandnutritional-2018.pdf (1.7 MB)
Hormonal and nutritional regulation of postnatal hypothalamic development
journal contribution
posted on 2018-05-01, 00:00 authored by Luba SominskyLuba Sominsky, C L Jasoni, H R Twigg, S J SpencerThe hypothalamus is a key centre for regulation of vital physiological functions, such as appetite, stress responsiveness and reproduction. Development of the different hypothalamic nuclei and its major neuronal populations begins prenatally in both altricial and precocial species, with the fine tuning of neuronal connectivity and attainment of adult function established postnatally and maintained throughout adult life. The perinatal period is highly susceptible to environmental insults that, by disrupting critical developmental processes, can set the tone for the establishment of adult functionality. Here, we review the most recent knowledge regarding the major postnatal milestones in the development of metabolic, stress and reproductive hypothalamic circuitries, in the rodent, with a particular focus on perinatal programming of these circuitries by hormonal and nutritional influences. We also review the evidence for the continuous development of the hypothalamus in the adult brain, through changes in neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and epigenetic modifications. This degree of plasticity has encouraging implications for the ability of the hypothalamus to at least partially reverse the effects of perinatal mal-programming.
History
Journal
Journal of endocrinologyVolume
237Issue
2Pagination
R47 - R64Publisher
BioscientificaLocation
Bristol, EnglandPublisher DOI
ISSN
0022-0795eISSN
1479-6805Language
EnglishPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalUsage metrics
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No categories selectedKeywords
ADULT FEMALE MOUSEARCUATE NUCLEUSCONGENITAL LEPTIN DEFICIENCYEndocrinology & MetabolismFEEDING CIRCUITSfertilityGLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR GENEGNRH NEURONAL MIGRATIONKISSPEPTIN NEURONSLife Sciences & BiomedicineMATERNAL-DEPRIVATIONmetabolismperinatalPITUITARY-ADRENAL AXISprogrammingREPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONScience & Technologystress
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