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How is men's conformity to masculine norms related to their body image? Masculinity and muscularity across Western Countries
journal contribution
posted on 2015-01-01, 00:00 authored by K H Gattario, A Frisén, Matthew Fuller-TyszkiewiczMatthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, L Ricciardelli, P C Diedrichs, Z Yager, D L Franko, L SmolakPrevious research has suggested that men's conformity to masculine norms (CMN) is an important correlate of men's drive for muscularity. The present study aimed to further delineate the relationship between masculinity and men's body image by examining various dimensions of CMN in relation to various dimensions of men's body image (muscularity, leanness, and fitness) in a cross-national sample. Participants comprised young men from the United States (n = 192), the United Kingdom (n = 141), Australia (n = 160), and Sweden (n = 142). Multigroup path analyses showed that CMN was related to drive for muscularity, leanness, and fitness in all 4 countries, but there were differences across countries in which dimensions of CMN predicted men's body image. Whereas conformity to the masculine norm of winning was a salient predictor across the 4 countries, conformity to the norm of risk-taking was linked to Australian men's body image, and conformity to the norm of violence to British men's body image. The findings support previous research suggesting that men's endorsement of the male gender role plays a significant role in their desire for an ideal body, but the results uniquely document that this relationship may differ across countries.
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Journal
Psychology of men and masculinityVolume
16Issue
3Pagination
337 - 347Publisher
American Psychological AssociationLocation
[Washington, D.C.]Publisher DOI
ISSN
1524-9220Publication classification
C Journal article; C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2015, American Psychological AssociationUsage metrics
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