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Improving Metabolic Syndrome in Ghanaian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes through a Home-Based Physical Activity Program: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-19, 06:01 authored by M Amin, Debra KerrDebra Kerr, Y Atiase, MM Samir, Andrea DriscollAndrea DriscollThere is a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Physical activity has the potential to improve health outcomes for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Our study aim was to determine the effect of a 12-week culturally appropriate home-based physical activity program on metabolic syndrome markers and quality of life in Ghanaian adults with T2DM. A secondary objective was to examine the feasibility of implementing the PA program. A feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted. A purposive sample of 87 adults with T2DM at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana, were randomized into either the control group (CG) (n = 43) or the intervention group (IG) (n = 44). Participants in the IG received the physical activity program in addition to their usual diabetes care; those in the CG received their usual diabetes care. Measurements for feasibility, MetS markers, and quality of life (SF-12) were performed at baseline and 12-week follow-up. Following the 12-week program, participants in the IG showed a significant improvement in fasting blood glucose (2.4% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.05), waist circumference (5.4% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.05), and systolic blood pressure (9.8% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.05). There were no statistical differences between the IG and CG regarding high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure at the 12-week follow-up. Classification of MetS were reduced in the IG compared to the CG (51.2% vs. 83.3%, p < 0.05). The MetS severity score improved in the IG compared to the CG (8.8% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.05). The IG improved in two of the eight SF-12 dimensions (physical function and vitality, p < 0.05) compared to the CG. Thirty-two (72.7%) participants completed all 36 exercise sessions. Another 11 (25%) participants completed 80% of the exercise sessions. No adverse events were reported. In conclusion, a 12-week home-based physical activity program is feasible and safe. The intervention has the potential to improve MetS and quality of life in Ghanaian adults with T2DM. The preliminary findings of this study need to be confirmed in a large-scale multi-centre RCT.
History
Journal
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthVolume
20Article number
5518Pagination
1-12Location
Basel, SwitzerlandPublisher DOI
ISSN
1660-4601eISSN
1660-4601Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalIssue
8Publisher
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cardiovascular risk factorsexercisefeasibility studymetabolic syndromephysical activityrandomized controlled trialtype 2 diabetesHumansAdultMetabolic SyndromeGhanaFeasibility StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExerciseClinical Trials and Supportive ActivitiesPreventionCardiovascularNutritionDiabetesObesityAgingClinical ResearchComparative Effectiveness Research6.7 Physical6 Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventionsMetabolic and endocrine3 Good Health and Well Being
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