kotowicz-increasedriskof-2013.pdf (692.82 kB)
Increased risk of cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes is associated with metformin
journal contribution
posted on 2013-10-01, 00:00 authored by Eileen Moore, A G Mander, D Ames, Mark KotowiczMark Kotowicz, R P Carne, H Brodaty, M Woodward, K Boundy, K A Ellis, A I Bush, N G Faux, R Martins, C Szoeke, C Rowe, David WattersDavid Watters, AIBL InvestigatorsOBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of metformin, serum vitamin B12, calcium supplements, and cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants were recruited from the Primary Research in Memory (PRIME) clinics study, the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging, and the Barwon region of southeastern Australia. Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) (n=480) or mild cognitive impairment (n=187) and those who were cognitively intact (n=687) were included; patients with stroke or with neurodegenerative diseases other than AD were excluded. Subgroup analyses were performed for participants who had either type 2 diabetes (n=104) or impaired glucose tolerance (n=22). RESULTS: Participants with diabetes (n=126) had worse cognitive performance than participants who did not have diabetes (n=1,228; adjusted odds ratio 1.51 [95% CI 1.03-2.21]). Among participants with diabetes, worse cognitive performance was associated with metformin use (2.23 [1.05-4.75]). After adjusting for age, sex, level of education, history of depression, serum vitamin B12, and metformin use, participants with diabetes who were taking calcium supplements had better cognitive performance (0.41 [0.19-0.92]). CONCLUSIONS: Metformin use was associated with impaired cognitive performance. Vitamin B12 and calcium supplements may alleviate metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency and were associated with better cognitive outcomes. Prospective trials are warranted to assess the beneficial effects of vitamin B12 and calcium use on cognition in older people with diabetes who are taking metformin.
History
Journal
Diabetes careVolume
36Issue
10Pagination
2981 - 2987Publisher
American Diabetes AssociationLocation
Alexandria, Va.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0149-5992eISSN
1935-5548Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2013, American Diabetes AssociationUsage metrics
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AgedAged, 80 and overCalciumCognition DisordersDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMetforminMiddle AgedProspective StudiesVitamin B 12Vitamin B 12 DeficiencyScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineEndocrinology & MetabolismBASE-LINE CHARACTERISTICSMENTAL-STATE-EXAMINATIONCARDIOVASCULAR EVENTSALZHEIMERS-DISEASEVITAMIN-DMORTALITYPREVALENCEDEFICIENCYDECLINEAIBL Investigators
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