The purpose of this paper is to introduce and explore a working conceptualisation of collective board leadership in a federal sport network. This paper examines the relationship between collective leadership and governance systems specifically within the non-profit sport organisation context. In doing so, we bring together notions of collective board leadership and collaborative governance. Neither concept has yet been presented in tandem for the benefit of developing sport governance knowledge and practice. As an outcome of our conceptualising, we make explicit the multiple levels of the sport governance system and pose two broad research directions that will help advance theory and drive a better understanding of collective board leadership within these types of governance systems. A central premise of this paper is that we are lacking literature that brings together leadership and governance, and that collective leadership is a topic where the intersection of leadership and governance renders advancement for both bodies of work. In particular, we offer implications for future work in collective leadership for sport governance.