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Marine mammal conservation: over the horizon

Version 2 2024-06-03, 06:43
Version 1 2021-04-30, 08:27
journal contribution
posted on 2024-06-03, 06:43 authored by SE Nelms, J Alfaro-Shigueto, John ArnouldJohn Arnould, IC Avila, SB Nash, E Campbell, MID Carter, T Collins, RJC Currey, C Domit, V Franco-Trecu, MMPB Fuentes, E Gilman, RG Harcourt, EM Hines, AR Hoelze, SK Hooker, N Kelkar, JJ Kiszka, KL Laidre, JC Mangel, H Marsh, SM Maxwe, AB Onoufriou, DM Palacios, GJ Pierce, LS Ponnampalam, LJ Porter, DJF Russell, KA Stockin, D Sutaria, N Wambiji, CR Wei, B Wilson, BJ Godley
Marine mammals can play important ecological roles in aquatic ecosystems, and their presence can be key to community structure and function. Consequently, marine mammals are often considered indicators of ecosystem health and flagship species. Yet, historical population declines caused by exploitation, and additional current threats, such as climate change, fisheries bycatch, pollution and maritime development, continue to impact many marine mammal species, and at least 25% are classified as threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable) on the IUCN Red List. Conversely, some species have experienced population increases/recoveries in recent decades, reflecting management interventions, and are heralded as conservation successes. To continue these successes and reverse the downward trajectories of at-risk species, it is necessary to evaluate the threats faced by marine mammals and the conservation mechanisms available to address them. Additionally, there is a need to identify evidence-based priorities of both research and conservation needs across a range of settings and taxa. To that effect we: (1) outline the key threats to marine mammals and their impacts, identify the associated knowledge gaps and recommend actions needed; (2) discuss the merits and downfalls of established and emerging conservation mechanisms; (3) outline the application of research and monitoring techniques; and (4) highlight particular taxa/populations that are in urgent need of focus.

History

Journal

Endangered Species Research

Volume

44

Pagination

291-325

Location

Oldendorf, Germany

Open access

  • Yes

ISSN

1863-5407

eISSN

1613-4796

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Publisher

Inter-Research Science Center