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Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-19, 06:00 authored by OM Shannon, JM Ranson, S Gregory, Helen MacphersonHelen Macpherson, Catherine MilteCatherine Milte, M Lentjes, A Mulligan, C McEvoy, A Griffiths, J Matu, TR Hill, A Adamson, M Siervo, AM Minihane, G Muniz-Tererra, C Ritchie, JC Mathers, DJ Llewellyn, E StevensonAbstract
Background
The identification of effective dementia prevention strategies is a major public health priority, due to the enormous and growing societal cost of this condition. Consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed to reduce dementia risk. However, current evidence is inconclusive and is typically derived from small cohorts with limited dementia cases. Additionally, few studies have explored the interaction between diet and genetic risk of dementia.
Methods
We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to explore the associations between MedDiet adherence, defined using two different scores (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener [MEDAS] continuous and Mediterranean diet Pyramid [PYRAMID] scores), and incident all-cause dementia risk in 60,298 participants from UK Biobank, followed for an average 9.1 years. The interaction between diet and polygenic risk for dementia was also tested.
Results
Higher MedDiet adherence was associated with lower dementia risk (MEDAS continuous: HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65–0.91; PYRAMID: HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.73–1.02 for highest versus lowest tertiles). There was no significant interaction between MedDiet adherence defined by the MEDAS continuous and PYRAMID scores and polygenic risk for dementia.
Conclusions
Higher adherence to a MedDiet was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk, underlining the importance of diet in dementia prevention interventions.
History
Journal
BMC MedicineVolume
21Article number
81Pagination
1-13Location
London, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
1741-7015eISSN
1741-7015Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalIssue
1Publisher
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No categories selectedKeywords
Science & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineMedicine, General & InternalGeneral & Internal MedicineDementiaAlzheimer'sMediterranean dietGeneticsPolygenic riskRisk factorsUK BiobankCOGNITIVE DECLINEFOLLOW-UPDISEASEAlzheimer’sHumansDiet, MediterraneanProspective StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseBiological Specimen BanksUnited KingdomAgingAcquired Cognitive ImpairmentNeurodegenerativeBrain DisordersNutritionNeurosciencesPreventionNeurological3 Good Health and Well BeingMedical and Health Sciences
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