Methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in rats: Effects of intravenous vs. aerosol delivery
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journal contribution
posted on 1997-01-01, 00:00authored byF Peták, Z Hantos, A Adamicza, T Asztalos, Peter Sly
To determine the predominant site of action of methacholine (MCh) on lung mechanics, two groups of open-chest Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Five rats were measured during intravenous infusion of MCh (iv group), with doubling of concentrations from 1 to 16 μg · kg-1 · min-1. Seven rats were measured after aerosol administration of MCh with doses doubled from 1 to 16 mg/ml (ae group). Pulmonary input impedance (ZL) between 0.5 and 21 Hz was determined by using a wave-tube technique. A model containing airway resistance (Raw) and inertance (Iaw) and parenchymal damping (G) and elastance (H) was fitted to the ZL spectra. In the iv group, MCh induced dose-dependent increases in Raw [peak response 270 ± 9 (SE) % of the control level; P < 0.05] and in G (340 ± 150%; P < 0.05), with no increase in Iaw (30 ± 59%) or H (111 ± 9%). In the ae group, the dose-dependent increases in Raw (191 ± 14%; P < 0.05) and G (385 ± 35%; P < 0.05) were associated with a significant increase in H (202 ± 8%; P < 0.05). Measurements with different resident gases [air vs. neon-oxygen mixture as suggested (K. R. Lutchen, Z. Hantos, F. Petak, A. Adamicza, and B. Suki. J. Appl. Physiol. 80: 1841-1849, 1996)] in the control and constricted states in another group of rats suggested that the entire increase seen in G during the iv challenge was due to ventilation inhomogeneity, whereas the ae challenge might also have involved real tissue contractions via selective stimulation of the muscarinic receptors.